Cryptography

The long argument between hiding things and finding things — Caesar cipher to post-quantum standards.

22 posts· 404 BCE – 2001

• Rijndael, or how Belgium quietly became the world's locksmith 2001
• SHA-1 and the fix the NSA never explained 1995
• Shor's algorithm: the quantum proof that gave RSA a deadline 1994
• Elliptic curve cryptography, or how a factoring attack became the internet's key 1985
• RSA, or the Passover night that locked the internet 1977
• Diffie, Hellman, and the key two strangers can share 1976
• Shannon's 1949 paper, and the price of a perfect cipher 1949
• Colossus, and the operator who handed Bletchley Park a crowbar 1943
• Turing's Bombe: the machine that solved by elimination 1940
• Marian Rejewski breaks Enigma 1932
• The ADFGVX cipher, or how Germany's most complex field cipher fell to a former fossil specialist 1918
• The Zimmermann Telegram, or how a decoded cable brought America into the war 1917
• Frank Miller's one-time pad 1882
• The Playfair cipher, or the one the Foreign Office refused 1854
• Jefferson's wheel cipher, or the invention the army made twice 1795
• Bellaso's cipher, or three centuries filed under the wrong name 1553
• Trithemius's Polygraphia: the abbot's grid that launched three centuries of polyalphabetic ciphers 1518
• Alberti's cipher disk: the wheel that broke frequency analysis 1467
• Al-Kindi's frequency analysis, or how counting letters broke every substitution cipher 850 CE
• The Kama Sutra cipher, or why secret writing was the forty-fourth art 400 CE
• The Caesar cipher, or how a shift of three kept Rome's orders from Gallic hands 54 BCE
• The scytale, or how Sparta encrypted its orders 404 BCE